What is a Biosensor -
A biosensor is a device that combines a biological component with a transducer to detect and analyze biological or chemical substances. It is essentially a sensing system that converts a biological response into a measurable signal.
The biological component of a biosensor can be enzymes, antibodies, cells, or nucleic acids, depending on the target substance to be detected. These biological elements interact with the target analyte and produce a biochemical or biophysical response. This response is then converted into a detectable signal by the transducer.
The transducer is responsible for converting the biological response into a measurable signal, such as electrical, optical, or electrochemical signals. The type of transducer used depends on the nature of the biological response and the intended application of the biosensor.
Biosensors have a wide range of applications, including medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and bioprocess control. They can be used to detect various substances such as glucose, cholesterol, pathogens, toxins, pollutants, and many others. Biosensors offer advantages such as high sensitivity, specificity, and real-time monitoring, making them valuable tools in various fields.
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